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1.
Rev. colomb. psicol ; 32(1): 1-10, Jan.-June 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1394968

ABSTRACT

Abstract The role of parenting in the development of children's learning constitutes, at present, part of the discussion in the psychoeducational field. Although parental competences (PC) and executive functions (EF) have been investigated by psychology and neuropsychology, their relationship with academic competences remains to be fully studied. The aim of this investigation was to analyze the effect of PC perceived by parents on behavioral EF and performance-based measures of reading and mathematical competences in children. We worked with 131 school children of both sexes, between 9 and 11 years old, and their respective parents. Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and structural equation model (SEM) were used. The results indicate that parental skills from the parents' perspective have a significant effect on EF, reading, and mathematical skills. However, the best fit model indicates that EFs mediate the relationship between parenting skills and reading and math skills.


Resumen El rol parental en el desarrollo del aprendizaje de los niños constituye, en el presente, una parte de la discusión en el campo psicoeducativo. Aunque las competencias parentales (PC) y las funciones ejecutivas (EF) han sido investigadas por la psicología y la neuropsicología, su relación con las competencias académicas permanece abierta para ser estudiada a profundidad. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el efecto de los PC percibidos por los padres en EF comportamentales y las mediciones basadas en el desempeño de las competencias lectoras y matemáticas en niños. Trabajamos con 131 niños y niñas de colegio, entre 9 y 11 años, y sus padres. Se hizo uso del Análisis Multivarial de Variación (MANOVA) y el modelo de ecuación estructural (SEM). Los resultados indican que las habilidades parentales desde la perspectiva de los padres poseen un efecto significativo en las EF, la lectura y las habilidades matemáticas. De forma que los modelos mejor ajustados indican que las EFs median la relación entre las habilidades parentales, lectoras y matemáticas.

2.
rev. psicogente ; 18(34): 336-350, jul.-dic. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-963504

ABSTRACT

La investigación en la cual se apoya este artículo tuvo como objeto de estudio las competencias académicas definidas para la enseñanza universitaria en Psicología, y como propósito obtener información y datos sobre algunas de sus características en la práctica de la Psicología. Fue una investigación descriptiva de corte transversal, apoyada en un ejercicio empírico. Se definió una muestra única posible de 41 egresados y de 37 estudiantes en prácticas, encontrándose que todas las competencias enunciadas en los ítems del instrumento fueron vividas, utilizadas o realizadas. También se halló alta frecuencia de uso en algunas competencias con diferencias entre egresados y practicantes. Se concluyó que las competencias deben definirse en procura de una relación de continuidad y pertinencia entre lo educativo y lo laboral.


This paper focuses on academic study and has as its purpose to collect data about the characteristics required for Psychology teaching in college. This research was an empirical, descriptive, and transversal study. 41 graduates and 37 students in their internship year were sampled; all the competences defined in the instrument items were realized, used or lived. Additionally, high frequency of use in some competences was found, with differences between the results for graduates and interns. The study concluded that academic competences must be defined in order to have continuity and relevance between education and employment.

3.
Interdisciplinaria ; 28(2): 299-322, dic. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-639641

ABSTRACT

El trabajo que se informa presenta los resultados finales del diseño y validación de contenido de un diccionario de competencias genéricas para el profesional en Psicología. Se hace un recuento de las diferentes definiciones dadas al concepto de competencia, desde el enfoque sociolingüístico de Hymes (1972) y del desempeño en el trabajo (McClelland, 1973). Se concluye que éstas integran el saber ser (automotivación, iniciativa y trabajo colaborativo con otros), el saber conocer (observar, explicar, comprender y analizar) y el saber hacer (desempeño basado en procedimientos y estrategias) (Braslavsky & Acosta, 2006; Cejas, 2003; Echeverría, 2002; Ibarra, 2000; Tobón, 2004). Se propone una clasificación teórica del concepto de competencia, retomando autores como Álvarez, Gómez y Ratto (2004), Peiró (2003) y Roe (2003), entre otros, la cual realiza una distinción entre competencias académicas, profesionales y laborales. Se utilizan los planteamientos de Montero y León (2005), así como los de Carretero y Pérez (2007), quienes proveen las herramientas y criterios metodológicos para la validación del diccionario de competencias mediante la evaluación de seis jueces expertos y la aplicación piloto de un instrumento a siete estudiantes y 16 egresados de la Carrera de Psicología. Los resultados de la investigación permitieron la creación de un diccionario de competencias para uso público, el cual constituye una herramienta oportuna para afrontar los retos, demandas y posibilidades para el desempeño del psicólogo, dados los cambios socioeconómicos, demográficos y culturales del Siglo XX1 que influyen sobre la formación y funciones del profesional.


The following article presents the final results of the design and content validation of a generic competencies dictionary for the trained psychologist. Different authors, such as Collazos and Garcia (1999), argue that the research and identification of competencies have helped to solve the weakness of traditional psychometric tests used to predict worker's productivity. Moreover, Peiró (2003) mentions that in defining the objectives to be achieved by education, it is required to determine the qualifications or competencies that should have a professional. However, in the field of Psychology, there is little research leading to the development of tools for identifying and evaluating competencies among students and professionals (ANECA, 2005; Castro Solano, 2004; González, 2007; Herrera, Restrepo & Uribe, 2008; Pérez-Santamarina & López, 2006; Ruiz, Jaraba & Romero, 2005; Uribe, Aristizábal, Barona & López, 2009). A theoretical overview of the concept of competency has been made, taking in to account different approaches, like the sociolinguistic (Hymes, 1972) and the job performance (McClelland, 1973). From the revised definitions and interpretations given to the concept of competence, it is concluded that they integrate self-knowledge (motivation, initiative, and teamwork with others), self-teaching (observation, explanation, comprehension, and analysis), and ‘know-how' (performance based on strategies and procedures) (Braslavsky & Acosta, 2006; Cejas, 2003; Echeverría, 2002; Ibarra, 2000; Tobón, 2004). Different classifications to the concept of competencies that have been applied to different contexts were also reviewed. For instance, Gordillo (2003) argues that competencies can be grouped into methodological, technical, social, and individual. Álvarez, Gómez, and Ratto (2004) classify them in technique and general competencies, similar to the one proposed by Ruiz, Jaraba, and Romero (2008) and the Agencia Nacional de Evaluación de la Calidad y Acreditación (ANECA, 2005), whoever divide them in general (or transverse) and specific competencies. For the purpose of this research and taking in to account these classifications, it is proposed for this work a distinction between academic, professional, and work-related generic competencies. The creation of the generic competencies dictionary for the trained psychologists followed the guidelines for instrumental studies as suggested by Montero and León (2005) and Carretero and Pérez (2007): the conceptual outline of the evaluation subject, and the design and qualitative evaluation of the items. In the content validation by expert evaluators, participated six professional psychologists with expertise in the fields of research methodology and Organizational Psychology, who are teachers of the Department of Social Sciences from a private university in Cali (Colombia). Subsequently, the pilot application of the instrument was attended by 23 people: 7 final year students of the Career of Psychology and 16 graduates of the same university. These research findings led to the creation of a generic competencies dictionary for public use, composed by 13 academic competencies, 12 professional competencies, and 10 work-related competencies. This dictionary is the result of a research aimed to identify the most significant competencies, as well as the definitions that fit these best, to ensure the recognition of crucial requirements in the field and their adequate implementation among psychologists. It is concluded that this dictionary is useful to understand standards and determine competencies that a professional psychologist must obtain from educational institutions, at least in the work and academic contexts where the research was conducted. It also constitutes a timely contribution to meet the challenges, demands, and possibilities of professional performance, given the socio-economic, demographic, and cultural changes of the 21st century, which impact the training and functions of a professional psychologist.

4.
Psicol. Caribe ; (28): 133-165, jul.-dic. 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-650002

ABSTRACT

Actualmente, en Colombia, ha crecido el interés por la identificación y evaluación de las competencias como elemento de formación y posterior desarrollo profesional. Es de interés de este artículo, abordar el concepto de competencia a partir de múltiples definiciones y posturas teóricas del concepto, y que dan cuenta al lector acerca de la pluralidad que entrañan según sea su utilización. También se mostrarán diferentes clasificaciones que los estudiosos del constructo atribuyen a la competencia y, finalmente, se describirán algunos estudios y posiciones que se han desarrollado sobre las competencias del psicólogo profesional, con énfasis en el caso colombiano.


Nowadays, in Colombia, the interest to identify and assess competences has grown as an element of training and professional development. The aim of this article is to approach the concept competence from an educational view, showing several meanings and theoretical views of the concept with the idea to locate the reader on the plurality and multiplicity of its meanings depending on its use. The article will also show different classifications of the concept developed by various researchers. Finally, it describes the studies and positions that have been stated about professional psychologist's competences, focusing on the Colombian case.

5.
Diversitas perspectiv. psicol ; 5(2): 241-254, dic. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-635515

ABSTRACT

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo identificar cuáles son las competencias académicas y profesionales de los estudiantes y egresados de Psicología de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Cali. Participaron 98 estudiantes matriculados en el programa académico de Psicología, que cursaban entre séptimo y décimo semestre; además, se contó con 21 psicólogos egresados de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana de Cali. Se lograron identificar, a partir de los resultados, los niveles de autopercepción en las competencias de estudiantes y egresados a partir de los campos de acción como Clínica, Educativa, Organizacional, Investigación, Evaluación Psicológica y otras áreas. Se concluyó que la competencia de mayor relevancia tanto en estudiantes como egresados está en el área Organizacional, por la elección del campo de formación y el área de desempeño actual.


The aim of this study is to identify what are the academic and professional competences of psychology students and graduates of the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana of Cali city. The sample was 98 seventh and eighth college semester students of the psychology program and 21 graduates from the same program. The results show that the levels of self perception of competences of students and graduates were identified concerning areas such as clinical, educational, and organizational psychology, research, assessment in psychology and others. It is conclude that the more relevant competence, for students and graduates, is in the organizational area, because of the selection of the training field and the actual area of performance.

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